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What is the significance of promoting motor energy saving?
At present, many countries need to replace the traditional flow control and pressure control frequency conversion speed control equipment with traditional methods. China is also an active, efficient and energy-saving motor and boiler, which is encouraged by industrial enterprises to adopt furnace, fan, pump and other equipment.
Motor is a high energy-consuming device with wide coverage and wide application. According to statistics, China's motor energy consumption accounts for 60-70% of industrial electricity consumption. Compared with foreign countries, there is a big gap in practical application. The overall health of the motor is about 75%. The unit efficiency is about 10% lower than that of foreign countries, 30-40% lower than that of 20-30% of the international advanced level, and the operation efficiency is low. Therefore, the application of motor in our country has great potential of energy saving, which is very important to the energy saving of motor.
I. Current Energy Consumption of Electric Machines
Over the past 20 years of reform and opening up, China has achieved "double GDP, double energy consumption". However, compared with developed countries, China's energy efficiency is still low, especially in industrial appliances, which consumes a lot of energy and wastes. Many industrial equipments, such as fans, pumping equipments, traditional industrial sewing machines and mechanical equipments, are mainly driven by AC motors at constant speed, and the efficiency of AC motors is generally low.
Fans use close to the throttle to regulate flow, pumps and equipment. This method is simple, but at the cost of energy consumption. Therefore, clutch is often used in industrial sewing machines and processing equipment. Friction lining adjusts speed, resulting in a large number of standby losses and braking energy consumption.
1. Fans and pumping equipment
In industrial production, processing and manufacturing products, the furnace pressure, wind speed, air volume and temperature are controlled and regulated. According to production needs, such as drying, cooling and ventilation, the main boiler combustion turbine system equipment is adapted to process requirements and operating rules. The most commonly used control method of erosion condition is to adjust the controlled object by adjusting the size of damper and the opening of baffle. Therefore, no matter what the production demand is, the fan must run at the maximum speed, and can not be adjusted according to the change of operating conditions, which wastes a lot of energy. In the production process, not only the control accuracy, but also the manufacturing accuracy is limited, and the manufacturing cost increases, resulting in equipment consumption, shortening the service life of equipment, equipment maintenance and high maintenance costs.
The production of pumping equipment also provides a broad application space, such as pumping station, energy storage tank system, sewage outlet, industrial water (oil), circulation system, heat exchange system, centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, gear pump, plunger pump and other equipment. Regulating valves, return valves, globe valves and other throttling devices are usually used to control flow, pressure, water level and other signals, depending on various production requirements. This not only damages the quality sealing ability of useless energy, pipelines, valves, etc., affects the production quality and endangers the products, but also seriously damages the pump room, valve wear and cavitation, and accelerates the equipment.
2. Industrial Sewing Machines and Machining Equipment
The traditional industrial sewing machine motor is an AC motor clutch, the efficiency is only 40-50%. Whether the motor works or not, the thickness of the seam is always output full power. If the load motor is released by the clutch and continues to operate, it is expected to be a standby machine. When running without load, there will be a large standby loss.
In addition to intermediate and low-processing equipment, friction is also needed to generate a large amount of braking energy and reduce motor speed, in order to achieve the purpose of adjusting speed, adjusting the friction plate to variable friction plate. It is not only used to reduce the motor, but also to accelerate the life expectancy of motor shaft wear.
At present, while frequency conversion control technology is gradually introduced into consumer electronics industry to reduce energy consumption, many speed regulation methods in industrial control field are limited to the traditional technology level. Data from the U.S. Department of Energy show that industrial users can save at least 18% of their energy on existing standards by replacing old electrical equipment with the latest high-efficiency electrical equipment and dedicated converters.
At present, many countries need to replace the traditional flow control and pressure control frequency conversion speed control equipment with traditional methods. China is also an active, efficient and energy-saving motor and boiler, which is encouraged by industrial enterprises to adopt furnace, fan, pump and other equipment.
2. Using Electronic Information Technology to Change Traditional Industries for Energy Conservation and Consumption Reduction
With the development of electronic technology and information technology, the application of electronic information technology in products is becoming more and more mature. The combination of traditional motor technology and electronic information technology has promoted the development of "mechatronics". CTS. Mechatronics, also known as the organic synthesis of "mechatronics", is the introduction of electronic technology in general terms of main functional mechanisms, motor functions, information processing functions and control functions, mechanical equipment and other electronic equipment and software. Institutional composition. The "motor" of Mechatronics is qualitatively different from traditional motor. The "mechatronics" motor controller includes not only controller but also embedded software and drive motor. It combines the control of fuzzy intelligent system, that is, the use of software. The intelligent fuzzy control not only effectively improves the operation accuracy of the system, but also adjusts the output speed and output of the motor in real time according to the change of the system load, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving. Here are two examples to illustrate the use of "mechatronics" motor.
1. Application of High Efficiency and Energy Saving Servo Control Motor in the Field of Industrial Sewing Machine
The traditional industrial sewing machine is an AC motor clutch. Its efficiency is only 40-50%. Whether the motor is running or not, the thickness of the seam always outputs full power. If the load is released by the clutch MO, the spare machine will be used. Tor and operation will continue without load, and large standby loss is expected. Energy-saving brushless DC motor is used as the control and driving component of servo motor, including 70%-80% efficiency and embedded software servo control system. The system always detects the thickness of sewing fabric. The real-time information of built-in software is used as the support of the machine. The system is EXP. When the machine stops working, the software always keeps the motor working in the most reasonable and energy-saving state, and adjusts the output speed and power of the motor. Energy-saving AC communication clutch motor is used in industrial sewing machine field. Servo motor control field can save 50-60% energy. Each machine can save 576 kilowatt hours per year. This is a sewing machine industry organization, presumably C. At present, the high-efficiency and energy-saving servo control motors are being produced, with more than 2 million industrial sewing machines, which can save 1.15 billion kWh/year.
Energy-saving motor servo control not only saves more than 30% of the general application effect of industrial machinery, but also can replace the traditional AC motor, mechanical equipment and industrial dust collector.
2. Application of Frequency Conversion Motor in Fan/Pump Device
Because the pump fan responds to the change of working conditions in terms of power consumption, it is not the output of a constant-speed AC motor, as large as the national power consumption, but a quarter of a year of self-regulation wastes a lot of power consumption. With the rise of frequency conversion technology, in the new generation of high-speed electric drive technology at the end of 1980, it has the advantages of easy operation, convenient communication, small volume, light weight, large torque, high precision, high function and high reliability, which is superior to speed control (variable pole speed regulation). Voltage adjustment speed regulation, sliding speed regulation, etc. Frequency conversion speed regulation operation is based on the change of load speed, the change of power supply current frequency and the adjustment of voltage to obtain appropriate motor operating conditions. Maintain high operating efficiency at different speeds. In addition to improving the application of frequency control technology, reducing power consumption and startup performance, it can also protect electric load equipment from instantaneous impact, prolong its service life, and the accuracy of the motor is higher.
Frequency conversion speed regulation technology for fans, pumps and other equipment has attracted wide attention of the government. Energy-saving driving is the priority to achieve energy-saving technology. China Energy-saving Legal People's Republic promotes general technology. Go ahead. In fact, the drive control of variable frequency motor for fan and pump has remarkable power-saving effect, the general power-saving rate is 30%-50%.